The situation before the financial crisis
The recent crisis was caused by the accumulation of risks in the financial sector beyond the control of supervisors because our regulatory system had many flaws:
- Large parts of the financial sector, such as rating agencies and hedge funds, were not controlled, some financial products like derivatives, OTC (OTC) escaped any form of surveillance, compensation in the financial sector , factors of excessive risk taking in business, were not subject to any supervision.
- The rules were incomplete: the activities of banks were supervised by the Basel II rules whose implementation was still incomplete at the outbreak of the crisis in 2007-2008, our systems of supervision were lacking specific tools to fight against systemic risk , that is to say against the contagion in the financial sector.
- The rules were applied too unequal: a large number of non-cooperative jurisdictions refused to exchange the information needed for the fight against tax evasion (tax havens) or the fight against money laundering and no international body does was responsible for coordinating the activities of international and national regulators.